毒品是人类公害。中方一贯本着责任共担原则，积极参与全球毒品问题共治。
近年来，随着国际禁毒形势发展变化，芬太尼类物质等新型毒品在美国等一些国家大规模流行滥用，致死人数逐年攀升，引发严重社会问题。对此，中方站在维护全人类健康、安全和福祉的高度，对有关国家给予充分的、全面的、无私的帮助应对解决。芬太尼问题在中国并不突出，中国国内尚未发现成规模滥用芬太尼类物质现象，更没有发现因吸食芬太尼类物质致死案例。中方本着人道主义立场，2019年5月1日在全球范围内率先正式整类列管芬太尼类物质，为防范其非法制贩及滥用发挥了重要作用，得到了包括美方在内的国际社会充分认可。
整类列管芬太尼类物质后，中国有关部门采取一系列针对性措施，确保整类列管规定落地见效。一是完善法律保障。起草芬太尼类物质犯罪案件立案追诉、定罪量刑等3个法律保障文件，为严惩芬太尼类物质犯罪提供坚实的法律基础。二是完善技术支撑。在全国建设国家毒品实验室5个分中心，芬太尼类物质检验和监测体系建设取得重大进展。三是加强排查管控。部署在全国范围内开展芬太尼类物质摸排管控行动，摸清全国涉芬企业、人员、前体和设备底数情况，并将高危人员纳入重点管控对象，清理网上违法信息，从源头上防范制贩芬太尼类物质违法犯罪活动。四是强化执法打击。部署在重点省市开展专项打击行动，强化查缉堵截和执法打击。整类列管以来，全国未发现一起制贩和走私芬太尼类物质案件。五是加强国际合作。中美联合破获的芬太尼走私案件王凤玺案、陈剑平案公开宣判，展示双方的合作成果。同时，中国一贯遵守国际规则和国内法律管控制毒前体化学品，根据新情况不断加强管控，防范其流入制毒渠道。
芬太尼类物质管控是一个国际性问题，需要各国同行共同努力。可以看出，中方在整类列管芬太尼问题上，充分展示了诚意与支持。但在国际社会和中国芬太尼类物质管控越来越严的情况下，美国芬太尼问题持续恶化，致死人数不降反升，其中原因值得深思。经过持续深入系统的治理，中国毒情形势不断向好，中方乐意向各国分享我们的做法和经验，也愿与世界各国一道，推动建立平等互信、互利共赢的合作关系，共同应对解决全球毒品问题，促进国际禁毒事业发展。
Control of Fentanyl-related Substances in China
Drugs are hazardous to all mankind. China, in line with the principle of shared responsibility, has always taken an active part in addressing global drug problems.
In recent years, as the world drug situation evolves, fentanyl-related substances and other new drugs are widely abused in the United States and other countries, ramping up the death toll year by year and causing serious social problems. To safeguard the health, safety and well-being of all mankind, China has given full, comprehensive and selfless support to relevant countries to help address these problems, even though fentanyl does not impose serious threat in China with neither large-scale abuse nor death toll reported. On May 1, 2019, China took the lead in the world to schedule the whole category of fentanyl-related substances on a humanitarian basis, played a vital role in preventing the illicit manufacturing, trafficking and abuse of these substances and has won full recognition from the international community including the United States.
After the whole category of fentanyl-related substances had been listed as controlled substances, relevant departments of China took series of targeted measures to put such control policies and regulations in place. First, legal system was further optimized. Three legal documents regarding filing, prosecution, conviction and sentencing of offences involving fentanyl-related substances were drafted to serve as solid legal foundation. Second, technical support was enhanced. With five new sub-centers of National Drug Laboratory established throughout China, China has made great progress in improving fentanyl testing and monitoring system. Third, inspection and control were further strengthened. Inspection, investigation and control campaigns on fentanyl-related substances were lauched throughout China to get more information on relevant enterprises, persons, precursors and equipment. High-risk persons were listed for focused control and online illegal information was cleared up to effectively prevent offences. Fourth, law enforcement was further strengthened. Special campaigns were organized in key provinces and cities to enhance inspection, interdiction and crackdown. There was no criminal case involving the manufacturing, trafficking and smuggling of fentanyl-related substances in China since the scheduling of all types of fentanyl-related substances. Fifth, international cooperation was further enhanced. The Wang Fengxi Case and Chen Jianping Case regarding smuggling of fentanyl jointly uncovered by the United States and China were publically adjudged, showcasing the cooperative achievements between the two countries. In the meantime, China has always strictly controlled precursor chemicals in line with international rules and domestic laws, and continuously strengthened the management and control based on the latest dynamics to prevent illicit diversion.
The control of fentanyl-related substances is a global challenge that calls for joint efforts of all countries. China has fully demonstrated its sincerity and support on scheduling the whole category of fentanyl-related substances. Nevertheless, although stricter control measures have been imposed by the international community and China, fentanyl problem in the United States still keeps deteriorating with death tolls rising instead of falling. The reasons behind this are worth pondering. Now the drug situation in China is getting better after continuous, in-depth and systematic governance, China would be happy to share best practices and experience, and join hands with all countries to address the world drug problems on a cooperative relationship featuring equality, mutual trust, mutual benefit and win-win results.